二进制安装MySQL

二进制安装MySQL

MySQL各版本官网下载：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

mysqlyum源下载地址: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

1.检查服务器是否安装mariadb，有就卸载

[root@mysql tools]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@mysql tools]# yum -y remove mariadb-libs.x86_64 

2.解压二进制包，修改名称

[root@mysql tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 
[root@mysql tools]# ll
total 629756
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root       129 Mar  6 06:05 mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 644869837 Mar  6 06:05 mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

[root@mysql tools]# mv mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

3.配置系统变量

[root@mysql tools]# vim /etc/profile


export PATH=/server/tools/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@mysql tools]# source /etc/profile

4.创建MySQL系统用户

[root@mysql tools]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql tools]# useradd -M -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql

[root@mysql tools]# id mysql
uid=991(mysql) gid=1001(mysql) groups=1001(mysql)

5.给mysql安装目录授权

[root@mysql tools]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql
[root@mysql tools]# ll
total 629756
drwxr-xr-x 9 mysql mysql       129 Mar  6 06:05 mysql

[root@mysql tools]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

6.生成启动MySQL脚本

cp -a /xxx/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

chkconfig --list mysqld

7.编写mysql的配置文件

cat >/etc/my.cnf <<x
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/server/tools/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=6
port=3306
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
> x

cat >/etc/my.cnf <<x
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/server/tools/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=6
port=3306
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
> x

8.初始化数据库

5.6版本：/xxx/xxx/xx/mysql_install_db

5.7版本：mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/server/tools/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

安装libaio-devel这个包，不然初始化不了

[root@mysql tools]# yum -y install libaio-devel

进行初始化数据库

[root@mysql tools]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/server/tools/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2020-03-05T22:49:14.387430Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-03-05T22:49:14.388597Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2020-03-05T22:49:14.388620Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

要是初始化失败，重新进行初始化，删除指定的数据库存储目录内的内容

[root@mysql tools]# rm -rf /data/mysql/data/*

再次进行初始化，提示成功，并且还提示了临时密码

[root@mysql tools]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/server/tools/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2020-03-05T22:51:04.053437Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-03-05T22:51:04.200400Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-03-05T22:51:04.228310Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-03-05T22:51:04.285055Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: cb0d7aad-5f33-11ea-8bd6-000c2912167e.
2020-03-05T22:51:04.286356Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-03-05T22:51:04.287563Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 8pkZ5V_1soN

这个临时密码默认保存180天，mysql5.7里12为密码，过于复杂，我们要是开始就可以不用输入密码直接登陆mysql，后进行自己配置简易密码，可以追加一个参数--initialize-insecure,来实现无临时密码登陆

[root@mysql tools]# rm -rf /data/mysql/data/*
[root@mysql tools]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/server/tools/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
2020-03-05T22:57:17.284079Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-03-05T22:57:17.432138Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-03-05T22:57:17.463391Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-03-05T22:57:17.519438Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a98486ac-5f34-11ea-98f9-000c2912167e.
2020-03-05T22:57:17.520133Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-03-05T22:57:17.520922Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

启动数据库

[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@mysql ~]#  netstat -lntup|grep mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      8788/mysqld         
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-03-06 09:50:35 CST; 48min ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 8607 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─8622 /bin/sh /server/tools/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql/data --pid-file=/data...
           └─8788 /server/tools/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/server/tools/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data...

Mar 06 09:50:34 mysql systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
Mar 06 09:50:34 mysql mysqld[8607]: Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/data/mysql.err'.
Mar 06 09:50:35 mysql mysqld[8607]: SUCCESS!
Mar 06 09:50:35 mysql systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.